0 Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
- 0.6 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
  - 5.2 age
  - 5.3 Compliance
  - 5.4 Smoking
  - 5.5 Drug abuse
  - 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
  - 5.7 Parafunctions
  - 5.8 Diabetes
  - 5.9 Osteoporosis
  - 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
  - 5.11 Steroids
  - 5.12 Bisphosphonates
  - 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
  - 5.14 Radiotherapy
  - 5.15 Risk factors
1 Diagnostics
- 1.1 Clinical Assessment
  - 0.1 Lip line
  - 0.2 Mouth opening
  - 0.3 Vertical dimension
  - 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
  - 0.5 TMD
  - 0.6 Existing prosthesis
  - 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
  - 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
  - 1.1 Occlusion
  - 1.2 Alveolar atrophy and insufficiency
  - 1.3 Skeletal consequences of edentulism
  - 1.4 Head-neck cancer
- 1.3 Clinical diagnostic assessments
  - 2.1 Microbiology
  - 2.2 Salivary output
- 1.4 Diagnostic imaging
  - 3.1 Imaging overview
  - 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
  - 3.3 Panoramic
  - 3.4 CBCT
  - 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
  - 4.1 Prosthodontic guides overview
  - 4.2 Wax-up, arrangement, mock-up
  - 4.3 Splints and imaging for surgery
  - 4.4 Provisionals
2 Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
  - 0.1 Mucosally supported - Overview and important considerations
  - 0.2 Complete denture
  - 0.3 Immediate denture
  - 0.4 Occlusal schemes
- 2.2 Implant-retained/supported, general
  - 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
  - 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
  - 1.3 Time to function
  - 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
  - 1.5 Soft tissue management
  - 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
  - 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
  - 1.8 Need for grafting
  - 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
  - 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
    
    9.1 Digital treatment planning protocols, introduction
    
    9.2 Digital treatment planning protocols, NobelClinician
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
  - 2.1 Implant overdenture, overview
    
    0.1 Implant overdenture, introduction
    
    0.2 Overdenture retention devices, overview
  - 2.2 Secondary splinting
  - 2.3 Primary splinting
- 2.4 Implant prosthetics - fixed
  - 3.1 Fixed implant prosthesis, introduction
  - 3.2 Screw-retained restorations
    
    1.1 Screw-retained
    
    1.2 Implant-supported vs abutment-supported
  - 3.3 Cement-retained restorations
    
    2.1 Cement-retained
    
    2.2 Abutment materials
  - 3.4 Framework materials
    
    3.1 Framework materials
    
    3.2 Veneering with ceramic
    
    3.3 Veneering with Acrylic
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
3 Treatment Procedures
- 3.1 Surgical
  - 0.1 Surgical considerations
    
    0.1 Anesthesia
    
    0.2 Peri-operative care
    
    0.3 Post-operative care
    
    0.4 Flap-or flapless
    
    0.5 Wound closure
    
    0.6 Intra-operative complications
    
    0.7 Guided vs non-guided
    
    0.8 Semi-guided surgery with prosthetic template
    
    0.9 Guided surgery with drill guides
  - 0.2 Surgical protocols - general
    
    1.1 Crestal incision
    
    1.2 Choice of implant
    
    1.3 Parallel implant placement
    
    1.4 Tapered implant placement
    
    1.5 Insertion torque
    
    1.6 Insertion height
    
    1.7 Implant angulation
  - 0.3 Surgical protocols - mandible
    
    2.1 Implant placement with open flap procedure - mandible
    
    2.2 Grafting, mandible
  - 0.4 Surgical protocols - maxilla
    
    3.1 Implant placement - maxilla
    
    3.2 Grafting, maxilla
    
    3.3 Sinus lifting
    
    3.4 Zygomatic implants
    
    3.5 Pterygoid implants
    
    3.6 Problems and complications in maxillary implant surgery
- 3.2 Removable prosthetics
  - 1.1 Complete dentures
    
    0.1 Complete denture clinical protocol
    
    0.2 Complete denture impressions
    
    0.3 Complete denture - maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    0.4 Complete denture trial placement
    
    0.5 Complete denture placement
    
    0.6 Complete denture post-placement
  - 1.2 Implant overdentures
    
    1.1 Overdenture clinical protocol
    
    1.2 Implant overdenture impressions
    
    1.3 Implant overdenture maxillo-mandibular relations
    
    1.4 Implant overdenture trial placement
    
    1.5 Implant overdenture placement
    
    1.6 Implant overdenture post-placement
- 3.3 Fixed prosthetics
  - 2.1 Fixed implant prosthesis clinical protocol
  - 2.2 Impressions
    
    1.1 Impressions - overview
    
    1.2 Splinted vs unsplinted impression copings
    
    1.3 Open versus closed tray
    
    1.4 Parallel vs non-parallel
  - 2.3 Maxillo-mandibular relations
  - 2.4 Trial placement
  - 2.5 Framework trial placement
  - 2.6 Placement
  - 2.7 Post-placement
4 Aftercare
- 4.1 Surgical aftercare
  - 0.1 Medication
  - 0.2 Post-operative soft tissue management
  - 0.3 Suture removal
  - 0.4 Post-surgical recommendations
- 4.2 Prosthetic aftercare
  - 1.1 Esthetic and function check
  - 1.2 Provisionals / temporary prosthesis
  - 1.3 Oral hygiene instructions
  - 1.4 Occlusal guard
- 4.3 Post-treatment complications and management
  - 2.1 Bleeding
  - 2.2 Soft tissue and hard tissue
  - 2.3 Patient compliance / recall
  - 2.4 Biologic complications
  - 2.5 Esthetic complications
- 4.4 Recall visits and logistics
  - 3.1 Recall visits - overview
  - 3.2 Patient expectations
  - 3.3 General health check
  - 3.4 Professional oral hygiene
  - 3.5 Implant overdenture maintenance
  - 3.6 Occlusion check
  - 3.7 Probing
  - 3.8 Inflammation, infection
    
    7.1 Inflammation and infection - overview
    
    7.2 Infection, microbiological diagnostics
  - 3.9 Radiological control

治疗指南

全口义齿放置

Key points

应仔细评估和调整义齿基托贴合情况、延伸情况和咬合情况
为确保伤口按预期愈合、对修复体进行护理及管理患者期望，对患者进行教育和指导非常重要

义齿放置

放置全口义齿需要注意许多细节，其中包括所有重要的临床事项，例如修复体贴合情况、义齿基托延伸情况、美观效果、咬合情况、患者舒适度和放置后的说明。此外，临床医师应就对全口义齿修复体的期望与患者进行清楚无误的沟通。

义齿贴合情况和基托延伸情况

使用牙斑暴露剂介质确定义齿基托和粘膜之间的接触部位，可以评估修复体贴合情况。某些接触部位应当换下，例如鼻腭窝/门齿管和系带上方。上颌的主要应力承受区是牙槽嵴，两侧压力需要均匀分布。下颌的主要应力承受区是颊屏，义齿基托与该区域的两侧接触面不需要进行调整，除非在插入后就诊时发现义齿疼痛。

必须调整义齿基托延伸以纠正过度延伸，因为如果是种植体覆盖义齿，修复体不会因为过度延伸时的粘膜压力而发生移动，过度延伸会导致严重的义齿不稳或义齿疼痛。同样，在要求患者概括功能性运动时，需要使用牙斑暴露剂介质确定应调整的义齿基托延伸区域。此外，应当调整义齿基托厚度，以正确支撑组织，提供有助于咀嚼和食物转移的浮雕表面，并且不会影响口腔空间和干扰舌头。

处理完义齿贴合和基托延伸后，应评估美观效果。应调整咬合情况，以使正中位置两侧实现稳定和谐的接触面。如果需要均匀接合，则有必要重新进行临床安装，以便安装颌架和完善口腔外设计。

然后再次将全部信息告知患者，以便强化在治疗方案设计阶段讨论的信息，以及配戴活动全口义齿修复体的好处和限制（包括刚开始只能吃柔软食物）、对语言能力和咀嚼能力的期望以及晚上取下修复体的重要性。

临床分类

可拆卸义齿

治疗指南

Edentulous

全口义齿试验放置

试验放置就诊对成功进行缺齿患者护理至关重要。

牙齿排列（结构）提供牙齿相对于每个缺齿牙颌的空间位置的有形方向索引。这种临床可视化解决了牙医和患者调解的美齿和技术注意事项。它在颌架上使用技工室准备的临时牙齿结构，从而模拟颌和牙齿接触面移动关系和移动情况。

试验放置就诊是牙医和患者第一次看到技工室中制作的结果；决定将是接受、修改或更改中的其中一个。这是患者第一次能够看到义齿外观的情况，应当让患者积极参与并为患者提供请求更改的机会。在执行其他临床步骤之前（例如处理义齿），双方应就临时蜡塑结果达到相互满意。

治疗计划

立即观看

治疗指南

Edentulous

带有活动修复体的缺齿患者若想成功实现口腔修复，需要认真遵守临床方案。现已成功引入了一些简化的方案。
使用包括下列大多数步骤或全部步骤的规程临床方案可以实现临床目标：
修复软组织健康。缺少大片附着的粘膜似乎不会对软组织健康产生不利影响。很少针对牙龈/粘膜移植手术作出规定。为了制作所需的石膏诊断模型，需要在库存托盘中制作不可逆性水胶体印模。
使用弹性材料制作定制印模托盘和最终印模，同时记录修复体的功能边缘延伸。然后浇注最终

可拆卸义齿

立即观看

治疗指南

Edentulous