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0
Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
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0.6
Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.2 age
- 5.3 Compliance
- 5.4 Smoking
- 5.5 Drug abuse
- 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
- 5.7 Parafunctions
- 5.8 Diabetes
- 5.9 Osteoporosis
- 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
- 5.11 Steroids
- 5.12 Bisphosphonates
- 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
- 5.14 Radiotherapy
- 5.15 Risk factors
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1
Diagnostics
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
- 0.1 Lip line
- 0.2 Mouth opening
- 0.3 Vertical dimension
- 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
- 0.5 TMD
- 0.6 Existing prosthesis
- 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
- 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
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1.3
Clinical diagnostic assessments
- 2.1 Microbiology
- 2.2 Salivary output
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1.4
Diagnostic imaging
- 3.1 Imaging overview
- 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
- 3.3 Panoramic
- 3.4 CBCT
- 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
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2
Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
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2.2
Implant-retained/supported, general
- 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
- 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
- 1.3 Time to function
- 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
- 1.5 Soft tissue management
- 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
- 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
- 1.8 Need for grafting
- 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
- 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
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2.4
Implant prosthetics - fixed
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
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3
Treatment Procedures
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3.1
Surgical
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3.2
Removable prosthetics
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3.3
Fixed prosthetics
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3.1
Surgical
- 4 Aftercare
咬合不良
Key points
- 咬合不良活动会对种植体修复形成很大的力,可能需要充分调整治疗计划和修复设计
- 对咬合不良迹象(咬面磨损、咬合情况等)进行临床评估
- 考虑加强修复工作(增加种植体数量,选择稳健的种植体设计,用坚固夹板固定种植体),使用活动修复体构造设计和非种植体修复治疗方案
咬合不良 — 影响
咬合不良的活动会对种植体和修复组件都产生强大的力。这些力可导致螺丝和基台断裂或松动,饰面材料脱落或修复重建结构断裂。咬合不良的活动可导致牙槽种植体周围骨质流失和/或种植体断裂。
功能性风险评估
要评估过去或现在是否存在咬合不良的活动,应考虑使用以下评估方法:
- 观察下颌合上位置,有无咬合过紧及颌肌肉肥大
- 检查咬合情况、机能性运动、侧向力、牙釉质/牙质状况、磨损迹象。但是,磨损显然表明过去存在咬合不良(不一定是现在)
- 检查现有陶瓷修复是否存在反复脱落迹象,是否存在咬合不良习惯和夜间磨牙症
- 评估后牙支撑是否缺失、牙齿位置、上部/低咬合、骨结构和状况
治疗注意事项
如果发现存在咬合不良,或已严重损坏天然齿系,建议相应进行调整,并制定种植体重建计划,并且/或考虑非种植体替代治疗方案,特别是存在肌原性障碍时。在制定种植体支撑修复计划时,应考虑障碍的功能性治疗。
- 种植体类型和直径的调整
- 放置的种植体分布和数量根据患者的生物力学和临床要求进行调整
- 选择坚固的连接(内部/锥形)
- 调整和加强修复上部结构和设计,例如使用杆卡对种植体进行夹板固定,使用活动修复,调整咬面概念/平咬合,使用短延伸杆或不使用延伸杆,小心护理全瓷构造。
- 防磨牙托保护