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0
Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
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0.6
Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.2 age
- 5.3 Compliance
- 5.4 Smoking
- 5.5 Drug abuse
- 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
- 5.7 Parafunctions
- 5.8 Diabetes
- 5.9 Osteoporosis
- 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
- 5.11 Steroids
- 5.12 Bisphosphonates
- 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
- 5.14 Radiotherapy
- 5.15 Risk factors
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1
Diagnostics
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
- 0.1 Lip line
- 0.2 Mouth opening
- 0.3 Vertical dimension
- 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
- 0.5 TMD
- 0.6 Existing prosthesis
- 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
- 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
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1.3
Clinical diagnostic assessments
- 2.1 Microbiology
- 2.2 Salivary output
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1.4
Diagnostic imaging
- 3.1 Imaging overview
- 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
- 3.3 Panoramic
- 3.4 CBCT
- 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
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2
Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
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2.2
Implant-retained/supported, general
- 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
- 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
- 1.3 Time to function
- 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
- 1.5 Soft tissue management
- 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
- 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
- 1.8 Need for grafting
- 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
- 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
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2.4
Implant prosthetics - fixed
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
-
3
Treatment Procedures
-
3.1
Surgical
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3.2
Removable prosthetics
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3.3
Fixed prosthetics
-
3.1
Surgical
- 4 Aftercare
全景 X 光片
Key points
- 医生应该熟悉可识别的解剖结构
- 获得良好全景片的过程要求较高的技术:头部定位,摘除面部/头部饰品等。
- 数字放射成像可提供更多选择(记录、测量、曝光宽容度)
全景 X 光片
在获得全景片时,必须了解遵循适当的技术并将患者颅骨小心定位在 X 射线发生器和胶片之间的重要性。胶片和辐射源通常会沿滑动路径旋转,辐射接触时间为 5 到 20 秒。数字放射成像可提供更多选择和更大的曝光宽容度。不过,全景片会低估下颌骨高度,水平测量值也不可靠。此外,与实际测量值的差异在后牙区限制更大。
全景片有许多积极因素,且得到了广泛应用。通过全景片可观察到骨内病变或牙齿,全景片也提供了一种上颌窦和眼眶筛查工具。常因专注于上下颌结构而被忽视的颈部动脉粥样硬化可在全景片上观察到。此外,全景片还具有实用临床优势,也是严重咽反射患者的有用替代方案。