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0
Patient Assessment
- 0.1 Patient demand
- 0.2 Overarching considerations
- 0.3 Local history
- 0.4 Anatomical location
- 0.5 General patient history
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0.6
Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.1 Risk assessment & special high risk categories
- 5.2 age
- 5.3 Compliance
- 5.4 Smoking
- 5.5 Drug abuse
- 5.6 Recreational drugs and alcohol abuse
- 5.7 Parafunctions
- 5.8 Diabetes
- 5.9 Osteoporosis
- 5.10 Coagulation disorders and anticoagulant therapy
- 5.11 Steroids
- 5.12 Bisphosphonates
- 5.13 BRONJ / ARONJ
- 5.14 Radiotherapy
- 5.15 Risk factors
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1
Diagnostics
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
- 0.1 Lip line
- 0.2 Mouth opening
- 0.3 Vertical dimension
- 0.4 Maxillo-mandibular relationship
- 0.5 TMD
- 0.6 Existing prosthesis
- 0.7 Muco-gingival junction
- 0.8 Hyposalivation and Xerostomia
- 1.2 Clinical findings
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1.3
Clinical diagnostic assessments
- 2.1 Microbiology
- 2.2 Salivary output
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1.4
Diagnostic imaging
- 3.1 Imaging overview
- 3.2 Intraoral radiographs
- 3.3 Panoramic
- 3.4 CBCT
- 3.5 CT
- 1.5 Diagnostic prosthodontic guides
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1.1
Clinical Assessment
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2
Treatment Options
- 2.1 Mucosally-supported
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2.2
Implant-retained/supported, general
- 1.1 Prosthodontic options overview
- 1.2 Number of implants maxilla and mandible
- 1.3 Time to function
- 1.4 Submerged or non-submerged
- 1.5 Soft tissue management
- 1.6 Hard tissue management, mandible
- 1.7 Hard tissue management, maxilla
- 1.8 Need for grafting
- 1.9 Healed vs fresh extraction socket
- 1.10 Digital treatment planning protocols
- 2.3 Implant prosthetics - removable
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2.4
Implant prosthetics - fixed
- 2.5 Comprehensive treatment concepts
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3
Treatment Procedures
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3.1
Surgical
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3.2
Removable prosthetics
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3.3
Fixed prosthetics
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3.1
Surgical
- 4 Aftercare
硬组织处理 - 上颌
Key points
- 窄牙嵴通常是种植体植入的限制因素
- 上颌窦的腹侧延伸可能给种植体植入带来其他限制
- 除非仅使用 4 个种植体来支撑固定修复体或覆盖义齿的效果看起来不可预测,否则不应考虑有创性骨再生
骨高度和宽度评估
3D 成像看起来是最佳选项,除非临床检查显示有丰富的骨量。如果有 CT 扫描,则可以从密度测量值推导骨质,或者从 2D 图像的小梁模式大致推导骨质。全景 X 光片显示颚窦的形状。虽然结节通常呈现较差的骨质,但可以作为种植体植入部位。
垂直和水平缺损的治疗选项
如果可用骨量不允许植入种植体,(自体)骨移植已证明可提供可靠的效果。可以通过种植体进行固定。应对照优点考虑该程序的有创性并与患者进行讨论。
牺牲切端神经似乎并不会导致严重症状,并可为骨量非常有限的某些患者提供解决方案。
在背侧区域,窦镶嵌程序或黏膜提升可提供可靠的效果。
建议劈开牙槽嵴以便植入种植体,但这方面的临床文献仍然有限。