Possible causes: Wound dehiscence/adaptation, insufficient suturing, patient unrest or non-compliance, damaged vessel, anticoagulant medication Management: Compression of the wound for > 10 minutes, re- and additional suturing, modulate...

All tissue, restoration and accessible implant surfaces should be accessible by oral hygiene aids like toothbrushes, interdental brushes and dental floss or dental tape. It is paramount that, during treatment planning, implant...

It is helpful if a clinician is situated so that his/her eyes are at the level of the patient's eyes. For example, if the patient is seated, the clinician should also be seated. It is beneficial if the interview between clinician and...

Patient compliance is a critical factor in promoting the long-term success of oral rehabilitation. The issue of patient compliance should be enthusiastically engaged by the clinician/dental practitioner. The practitioner may see a non-compliant...

The regular recall control appointment, at least every 6 months, should comprise a hygiene check by the dental/oral hygienist or other auxiliary, and include professional cleaning of the restoration, prosthetic components, sulcus and any...

To achieve good long term results, regular recall control appointments should be scheduled. Ideally, recall appointments take place at least every 6 months for a systematic review of general health, medication...

Because many patients are anticipating an ideal esthetic and functional outcome, proper preparation of the patient’s expectations during the treatment planning phase is imperative. Afterwards, during treatment and follow-up, occasionally...

Inform patient about adequate actions after surgery. Leave around the clock emergency contact numbers in case of urgent complications. Plan or delegate to the referring dentist postoperative recall visits, at day 1 or 2, day 8 - 14 and 4 – 6 weeks...

Depending on type and size of surgical intervention the patient might need or appreciate adequate medication against pain and swelling, for example Paracetamol, Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug...

It is important to evaluate signs indicating if the patient abuses alcohol or takes recreational drugs and may have developed addictions. In general these drugs have a psychedelic...

Relevant risk factors for implant treatment:

• Children and adolescents (during ongoing bone/skeletal development), unless in selected anodontia patients. However, implant placement for orthodontic treatment purposes is indicated.
• Uncontrolled metabolic diseases such as Diabetes...

Rehabilitation of patients with oral cancers is usually done in a combined way with surgical, chemo- and radio-therapy. Radiotherapy predisposes to fibrotization, ischemia and xerostomia. There is clinical evidence...

A steroid is an organic compound and a type of lipid substance. Steroids play a critical role in metabolism, for example, as the dietary fat Cholesterol, as bile acids or as steroid hormones (e.g. Cortisone/Glucocorticoids, Estrogens, Testosterone). The more complex...

A critical side effect in the oro-maxillo-facial region observed in patients undergoing administration over a long period of time and especially intravenously, bisphosphonate therapy may predispose to ‘bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw’...

Bisphosphonates (BP) inhibit osteoclast activity and remain in the bone for a prolonged period. Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs to treat osteoporosis, bone fragility disorders, like Paget’s disease, osteogenesis imperfecta...